12/23/2023 0 Comments Contraste lighting![]() Additional contrast mechanisms such as elastic and inelastic scattering can also provide valuable information about the composition and structure of tissues. These substances can provide information about both the structure and function of living tissue. Endogenous contrast already present in many organisms includes the differing absorption properties of oxy- and deoxy-haemoglobin, lipids and water, as well as the intrinsic fluorescence of many substances including keratin, elastin, collagen cross-links, phospholipids, tryptophan, retinol, lipofuscin and metabolites nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Compared with other types of imaging modalities such as X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical imaging has the major benefit of being able to exploit a rich palette of contrast. While many clinical applications of optical imaging have been explored, basic research can also benefit tremendously from imaging techniques that provide information about living tissues. In vivo optical imaging exploits contrast that interacts with visible and near-infrared wavelengths of light in living tissues. (a) Contrast mechanisms for in vivo optical imaging The benefits and limitations of in vivo optical imaging for biomedical research applications are described, followed by a perspective on future applications of optical imaging for basic research centred on a recently introduced real-time imaging technique called dynamic contrast-enhanced small animal molecular imaging (D圜E). An additional benefit of optical imaging that is often under-exploited is its ability to acquire data at high speeds a feature that enables it to not only observe static distributions of contrast, but to probe and characterize dynamic events related to physiology, disease progression and acute interventions in real time. Optical imaging is well suited for non-clinical use, since it can exploit an enormous range of endogenous and exogenous forms of contrast that provide information about the structure and function of tissues ranging from single cells to entire organisms. ![]() This paper provides an overview of optical imaging methods commonly applied to basic research applications.
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